Moses is engaged in a significant ritual that marks the establishment of a covenant between God and the Israelites. The use of blood in this context is deeply symbolic, representing life and the seriousness of the promises being made. Blood was often used in ancient covenants to signify the binding nature of the agreement. By dividing the blood, Moses is performing a dual action: one part is reserved in bowls, possibly for future use or as a symbol of the people's part in the covenant, while the other part is splashed on the altar, representing God's presence and His acceptance of the covenant.
This ritual underscores the sacredness of the relationship between God and His people. It highlights the mutual commitment required in this divine-human relationship, where the people are called to live in obedience to God's laws. The act of splashing blood on the altar signifies purification and dedication, setting apart the people for God's purposes. This moment is a profound reminder of the importance of faithfulness and the transformative power of divine covenants, which are foundational to the spiritual journey of the Israelites.